Christian apologist William Lane Craig provides an excellent point of logic for the existence of God in the following construct: Most scientists, philosophers and theologians believe that the Universe had a beginning. I'm not sure what we can make of Zoar other than the role it played (eventually, perhaps in an ark-like preservation way) in the lineage of Jesus. Ur of the Chaldees was a . And many more. I have no doubt that two cities once existed by the names of Sodom and Gomorrah. Plain means unadorned. The city was being run by thugs. Disagreeing is not an end all. Maybe youll decide to become an atheist in the end. (This was before the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.) Besides, you could make the same argument for other ancient sites that are recorded in ancient writings. Ptolemy (v. 17, 5) regards it as belonging to Arabia Petrea. (b) It is identical in . I quote the following from the article: The name Zoar means "little" or "insignificant.". Amahai Mazar is the Professor at the Institute of Archaeology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. Not a BAS Library member yet? Silva, Phillip J., and Steven Collins. inhabitants it was burnt by lightning; in consequence of which there However, not all agree with Collinss assessment. The stories of Sodom and its destruction,.. whether historical or not, were clearly understood to have occurred near the Dead Sea,. Links below: Interestingly enough, it continues to grow taller at a rate . Madaba Map. You can ALSO see the circular blast pattern in the geology there using Google Earth or Google Maps by going to Sodom Blast Site. Im glad to give BAR readers an update on the Tall el-Hammam/Sodom excavations if they request it. Think the 9/11 event of the times. 5, p. 194). It was of old a most happy land Zoar. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. http://lmlk.wordpress.com/2014/05/26/the-kikkar-dialogues/, G. M. Grenas brief review Steven Collins, an Easter-Bunny Christian for The Kikkar Dialogues (Research & Discovery Series) (Volume 2) on Amazon (06/07/14). A fault line runs right through the Dead Sea. There are records on the ancient crusade map in Madaba, Jordan placing the location of Zoar in the 6th century AD. Present Jews are following inaccurate Chronology, History, and Grecian 19 Year Cycle which is misleading all the Jews and Gentiles since CE 1948. Yahweh revealed me His Calendar Formula atlast. "Sure, okay, but aren't Sodom and Gomorrah still the ones that get destroyed?" you may be wondering. What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? Zoar was one of the five Cities of the Plain, along with Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim. In this section, there is a leitwort that appears seven times: Tzaddik. Lot was whisked to the outskirts of > Sodom > (still in harm?s way). Each issue of Biblical Archaeology Review features lavishly illustrated and easy-to-understand articles such as: Fascinating finds from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament periods, The latest scholarship by the world's greatest archaeologists and distinguished scholars, Stunning color photographs, informative maps, and diagrams, Reviews of the latest books on biblical archaeology, 45+ years of Biblical Archaeology Review, 20+ years of Bible Review online, providing critical interpretations of biblical texts. Then, in Genesis 19:30. Dr. Craig Olson has written an excellent article Which Site is Sodom addressing the location of Sodom, the long lifespans and the sojourn, I highly recommend it. Abraham could not have battled in the dead sea, but in a valley.God over turned the cities Gen.19:29. Zoar is up to date located at the south end of the dead sea. Ive studied this map in detail for many years. He lived in a cave with his two daughters. Albuquerque, N.M.: TSU Press, 2015. Geisler, Norman L., and Joseph M. Holden. The two men parted company: 12 Abram lived in the land of Canaan, while Lot lived among the cities of the . . Arioch, the king of Ellasar, Kedorlaomer, the king of Elam, and Tidal, Before the destruction, the Dead Sea was a valley full of natural tar pits, . Halfway Point Between Hebron, NB and Zoar, NF. The Middle Bronze Age Civilization-Ending Destruction of the Middle Ghor. Ph.D. . . This must be done via historical synchronisms and elements of cultural specificity. 2 And he said, Now behold, my lords, please turn aside into your No one has to have blind faith, the evidence is there for the finding. It is amazing that evidence ?And Samaria. According to the story, Abraham's nephew Lot was living in Sodom at the time. Since the Genesis patriarchal lifespan numbers are honorific formulas (likely base-60) and not base-10 arithmetic values, they cannot assist in constructing a proper chronology for Abraham. . Read about Lot and his family, along with the pending destruction (c. 2000 BC) of the kingdoms of Sodom and Gomorrah, and the three associated cities of Admah, Zeboim, and Zoar, 2 in Genesis, chapter 19, but start first, a little before that, in Genesis 18 to get the full context of the events. Since I wrote this 2013 article at the request of Hershel Shanks, a wealth of additional archaeological evidence has arisen in support of the identification of Tall el-Hammam as the seed-bed of the Sodom narratives (depending on your perspective, either historical Sodom or literary Sodom). Lot talks/argues with the angels. . Collinss attempt to move Zoar from near the mouth of the Zered to near the mouth of the Arnon is faulty as well (by the way, the Arnon River is depicted on the Madaba Map, further north). Perhaps Zoar escaped the conflagration because there is no bitumen to the southeast of the Dead Sea. 9. Were all a part off each others community and until we realize this, separation will remain. servants house, and spend the night, and wash your feet; then you may 1: http://eternityimpact.sermon.net/main/main/21019904 Based on numerous data-sets dealing with ancient Dead Sea levels, its clear that during the Roman and Byzantine Period the level of the Dead Sea was even lower than todayabout -440m. Jesus) It's possible he was frightened of that knowledge or perhaps thugs were looking for him or maybe he was being put up for new mayor of Zoar or any number or reputation-based things. 30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with . To reference the OP though, what would be interesting to consider is this: The destruction of the cities of the plain would have been BIG NEWS of the day. Bible Reference & Map Description. Thus, the north (and correctly smaller) river represented is the Wadi Zarqa. Was it this eventwhich destroyed Hammam and the other cities of the kikkarthat was remembered by the Biblical writers in their telling of the story of Sodom? For some reason, Lot was afraid to stay in Zoar. See also Silva, Phillip J. Jeremiah 48:34 From the cry of Heshbon even to Elealeh, even to Jahaz have they uttered their voice, from Zoar even to Horonaim, to Eglath Shelishiyah: for the waters of Nimrim also shall become desolate. made up, no amount of evidence will convince them. Genesis 19:23 The sun had risen on the earth when Lot came to Zoar. It actually reaches from California to New York. Lot was Abraham's nephew. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? But if one has his mind Analysis and Interpretation of Scripture 1. It's of no surprise since they're known for wickedness (Ezekiel 16:49). So, whats actually represented on the Madaba Map? 29:23) They were border cities of Canaan, in line with Sidon, Gaza, and Lasha (Gen. 10:19, 13:12) They were visible to the East of . For one thing, Lot's virgin daughters were pledged to be married to men of Sodom. Peabody: Hendrickson.". Steve Collinss interpretation of the location of Zoar* on the Madaba Map is faulty. Genesis 10:19 The border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as you go toward Gerar, to Gaza; as you go toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, to Lasha.. Genesis 13:10 Lot lifted up his eyes, and saw all the plain of the Jordan, that it was well-watered everywhere, before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, like the garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt, as you go to Zoar. Abraham and Lot agreed to part ways, with Abraham giving Lot first choice of land. These infamous cities, together with Zoar (Bela), Admah and Zeboiim, consti-tuted the "Cities of the Plain" mentioned in Genesis 14; 18: 16-19:30. turned aside to him and entered his house; and he prepared a feast for I also agree with Emerson and Randy (both 02/22/13) that as Christians one should never, ever, ever use BCE and CE. Life comes from life, versus spontaneous generation in Pasteurs day paved the way for Zoar is up to date located at the south end of the dead sea. 1 Answer. You can hear what he had to say here: Pt. Other than Israel, no country has as many Biblical sites and associations as Jordan: Mount Nebo, from where Moses gazed at the Promised Land; Bethany beyond the Jordan, where John baptized Jesus; Lots Cave, where Lot and his daughters sought refuge after the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah; and many more. Samaria didn?t sin Bible Gateway Someday? I have bookmarked it for later! Lot chose the land of the plain of Jordan, near Sodom and Gomorrah, because of the rich pastureland there. The largest shot produced a seismic magnitude of about 4, and was recorded at distances up to 3500 km. Radiocarbon analysis yields a destruction date of 1700 /-50 BCE (which is also well-confirmed by the pottery). We can learn about the society where the ancient Israelites, and later Jesus and the Apostles, lived through the modern discoveries that provide us clues. There are several major holes in the theory and myth that Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed because of homosexuality. Since Abraham . @Krissy to say that that Greek myth has not been disproven is strange. Was it the action of the men of Sodom that precipitated its destruction in Genesis 19? However, the letters preserved on the map, although usually read -ARED are actually -AREA. There is no delta. How to derive the state of a qubit after a partial measurement? quickly, for I cannot do this thing until you get there. Travel with us on our journey into the past in our free eBook Exploring Jordan. Isaiah 1:10. Want this question answered? For example, the entry for Rabbah (Amman) on the first map is listed as 1:D5that is, map 1, square D5. rev2023.3.1.43269. With all due respect, Mr. Schlegels take on the location of Zoar is a classic case of seeing what one wants to see and believing what one wants to believe in spite of the facts. The event would have easily been visible from the location where Abraham was recorded to be. I will address his points vis--vis my location of Zoar [at/near the confluence of the Arnon River (Wadi Mujib) with the Dead Sea] in the order of his objections. Geographical Evidence for Locating Sodom. Conder, who vigorously maintains that the Vale of Siddim is at the north end of the Dead Sea, looks favorably upon theory of W.H. The All-Access membership pass is the way to get to know the Bible through biblical archaeology. Link here: I believe the Bible and none whatsoever even if it is evident to my eyes I blindly believe the Holy Bible only. While Moses was standing on Nebo beside Shittim, viewed the promised land from Jericho to Zoar. Thank Dr. Collins for your important work on this. 10 Lot looked around and saw that the whole plain of the Jordan toward Zoar was well watered, like the garden of the Lord, like the land of Egypt. This provided a walkable shelf-like shoreline as a relatively easy route between the two. Are you speaking of its coming into being after Sodom, but while Abraham was still alive? Zoar, a small town not far from Sodom, somehow escapes the destruction (Gen. 19:20-22). The port of Zoar was likely moved to the Bay of Mazraa to avoid the oft-catastrophic flash floods disgorging from the Wadi Mujib during seasonal rains. Mr. Schlegels suggestion that Perhaps exactly the opposite is truethe Madaba Map depicts no Lisan because of high water levels is made in abject ignorance of the facts. Perspective at which we see things differ. However, it seems quite probable that Lot was able to witness the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah from Zoar. "It is written (say the Gemarists), 'The sun was risen upon the earth, when Lot entered into Sodom.'--Now Sodom was four miles from Zoar." The Roman/Byzantine Zoar is in the same vicinity, just south of where the Wadi Mujib/Arnon empties into the Dead Sea. Steven Collins, Director, Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project, Jordan Pt. And it happened that in the days of Amraphel, the king of Shinar, In all actuality, there is certainly logical evidence that God does indeed exist. Robert A. Mullins is the Professor of archaeology and Old Testament at Azusa Pacific University. : Genesis 13, archaeology and Biblical geography provide new answers ? Lot hesitated so the angels had to pull Lot and his family out of the city . From studying external sources, such as the Sumerian Kings list, we can see clearly that long lifespans were meant as honorific terms and not actual lengths of life. In Abraham's day, it was ruled by a king who rebelled with the four others of the District after 12 years of domination by Chedorlaomer, only to be defeated by the Elamite monarch and his three allies. It is also the place where the Biblical writers set their dramatic tale of Sodoms wickedness and destruction (Genesis 19). So,since negative assertions CAN be proven, their claimants can therefore be held accountable to prove their assertion or (if they fail to prove it), admit that their assertion is one that they believe by faith. I have researched and written extensively on the Cities of the Plain and Sodom for over 35 years. The mountains of Sodom are located on the south-west side of the Dead Sea, rising 150-250m above it. --with Bela or Zoar. The dead sea did not exist before the destruction of those cities. He would certainly have been the center of interest of how he survived when no other male from Sodom did! 54 Then you will be ashamed of how youve acted, and Sodom and Samaria will be relieved that they werent as sinful as you. This is detailed quite nicely in Neev and Emerys geological work The Destruction of Sodom, Gomorrah and Jericho1 and numerous other geological resources. I thought it might be helpful for readers ofBiblical Archaeology Reviewto know where to go for another []. AAAThe Bible is more believed than this article. I think there is evidence that they may be under a modern-day city now. In Deuteronomy 34:3, Moses is said to have viewed "the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, unto Zoar," while in Isaiah 15:5 and Jeremiah 48:4 (where the Septuagint reads unto "Zoar," instead of "her little ones") it is said to be a city of Moab. How can I explain to my manager that a project he wishes to undertake cannot be performed by the team? Rather it should be, whether one believes they are historical or not. Required fields are marked *, COPYRIGHT 2023 BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY 5614 Connecticut Ave NW #343, Washington DC 20015-2604. You do know there is no evidence of them yet Where Is Sodom? the earth, when Lot entered into Zoar; and R. Hanina said: I saw the Zoar was not destroyed by God "not long after" Sodom was destroyed. Moab, a small kingdom in the central Transjordan, was a familiar setting in the Bible. If youre going to use science at all, you might as well confront your old fears of this system of discovery and open your mind to the complete truth whether that backs up your faith or challenges it to the very foundation. Video lectures from world-renowned experts. Josephus, F., & Whiston, W. (1987). Genesis 20:1-2. (There are countless other examples of negative assertions that can be logically proven or disproven; you can even make a list of many yourself.). The 5th "city" in the list, Bela (aka Zoar) was really a village, Zoar means "little". ZOAR. The truth, however, is that they may have disappeared much later than our translations suggest. Would the reflected sun's radiation melt ice in LEO? Therefore, Press, 1995; pp. After a few hundred meters the trail makes a sharp . For example, if one claims that a gun does NOT exist in their pocket, it is quite easy to prove that this negative assertion is true or false, simply by visually examining the inside of the pocket. After his visit to the site in 2014. The story has some cause to be in the Bible; can an archeology discover it? Because Lot fled to Zoar to escape the catastrophe which befell the Cities of the Plain (Gn 19:21-23), the town was spared God's judgment. Genesis 14:2 that they made war with Bera, king of Sodom, and with Birsha, king of Gomorrah, Shinab, king of Admah, and Shemeber, king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar). If this is not the case, then the Madaba Map would have to be declared a geographical distortion unusable for cartographic purposes. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Sorry Dennis, but you dont make any argument or show any evidence as to WHY fitting archeological sites to the Middle East biblical sites is not objective. Steven Collins, Bill Schlegel is associate professor of Bible at The Masters College, Israel Bible Extension (IBEX), where he teaches Biblical history, geography and Hebrew. Why/why not? be now all burnt up. 34:1-3 (Mt Nebo). Genesis 19:30 Parallel Verses [ See commentary ] Genesis 19:30, NIV: Lot and his two daughters left Zoar and settled in the mountains, for he was afraid to stay in Zoar.He and his two daughters lived in a cave. Genesis 19:30-38 accounts for the origins of the nation of Moab. is the marked by me part revealing that Zoar was similar to Sodom in terms of wickedness? There is no culture that used lifespans to calculate a chronology until after 300 BC. Check it out. Dig into the illuminating world of the Bible with a BAS All-Access membership. The writer of this article is trying to prove that it was not God who destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah. Steven Collins responds to a letter by Bill Schlegel. The water penetrates into the salt, creating large cavities. Ezekiel 16:52-58 MSG;NLT;WYC;CEV;CJB ? Now Lot went up from Zoar with his two daughters and stayed in the In this article it states that, We also know that the Dead Sea level in the time of Abraham (MB2) was approximately the historic low, as today., but how is that possible when Josephus, when speaking of the dead sea states, And when they were come over against Sodom, they pitched their camp at the vale called the Slimepits: for at that time there were pits in that place: but now, upon the destruction of the city of Sodom, that vale became the Lake Asphaltites a.k.a. small, a town on the east or south-east of the Dead Sea, to which Lot and his daughters fled from Sodom ( Genesis 19:22 Genesis 19:23).It was originally called Bela ( Genesis 14:2 Genesis 14:8).It is referred to by the prophets ( Isaiah 15:5) and ( Jeremiah 48:34).Its ruins are still seen at the opening of the ravine of Kerak, the Kir-Moab referred to in 2 Kings 3, the modern Tell esh . Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. (stumbleupon). Those who dont recognize this simply reveal their ineptitude in dealing with textual geographical data. So, yes. Zoar was supposed to be destroyed, too, but Lot asked for this city to be spared. Its an absolute fact that the Madaba Map features only the deep north basin of the Dead Sea. Same for Noah and the ark. Answer. https://drive.google.com/open?id=1OAnA00FnjmZcm1BuKfb-sjsnTivus0Gq. Steven Collins response to Shirley S. Reed. James D. Tabor is the Chair of the Department of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. I forgot there were 5 cities and not just Sodom and Gomorrah. Nor is the Lisan (Tongue) missing from the map because of low water levels. Perhaps exactly the opposite is truethe Madaba Map depicts no Lisan because of high water levels. . What is BARs position on the rich deposits of hail-sized sulfur to the west of the Dead Sea? Blacks are not any less than whites, versus, the race supremacy ideas that were the logical Now that objective is beginning to shift toward a more thoughtful exploration into what actually happened whether it backs up a bible story or offers a better insight into the actual history of the region. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? Four highly acclaimed books, published in conjunction with the Smithsonian Institution: Aspects of Monotheism, Feminist Approaches to the Bible, The Rise of Ancient Israel and The Search for Jesus. . Trinity Southwest University 7600 Jefferson NE, Suite 28 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109, USA (505) 332-4253 The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? For those who are interested, I have read and written extensively on Tall el-Hammam versus what The Sacred Scriptures detail about Sodom and the other 4 Cities of the Kikkar. . Sodom and Gomorrah Destroyed - The two angels arrived at Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting in the gateway of the city. Moreover, its not surprising to find out that the earthquakes were severe and that they could have wiped out an entire city the infrastructure of which wasnt up to modern code. The Bay of Mazraa was always the main, if not the only, natural deepwater haven If Zoar were at Es-Safi, it never could have functioned as an efficient harbor.. From the passage [Gen. 19:15]: "And as the morning dawn arose, the angels urged Lot," etc. Q&C: Geographically Puzzled. The Word of Yahweh is now going out of spiritual Zion and Jerusalem (The Body of the Jewish Messiah) since CE 36 because of Micah 4:1-2 fulfilled already. Sodom and Gomorrah, notoriously sinful cities in the biblical book of Genesis, destroyed by "sulfur and fire" because of their wickedness (Genesis 19:24). Lot was living in Sodom. M. Kyle, led an expedition to explore the region around the southern end of the Dead Sea. It often proves just the opposite of what wed like to believe. It fits EVERY criterion. If you want to meet halfway between Hebron, CT and Zoar, OH or just make a stop in the middle of your trip, the exact coordinates of the halfway point of this route are 41.067623 and -76.985054, or 41 4' 3.4428" N, 76 59' 6.1944" W. This location is 295.68 miles away from Hebron, CT and Zoar, OH and it would take approximately 4 hours 37 mins . (Complete side point: Zoar doesn't look like it's on a plain to me, but that's just my viewpoint.). 2: http://eternityimpact.sermon.net/main/main/21019905. Genesis 13, archaeology and Biblical geography provide clues. Zoar is located south of the mouth of the Zered River. The mid-air explosion, referred to as an airburst, would have not only have been bright but would have initiated a 2000+ deg C shock wave and given the soil content would have spread salt to nearly at 25 km radius. I triangulated three sets of scriptures to come to this conclusion: Gen.13:10-11 (Bethel-Ai), Gen. 18:1,16 and 19:28 (Oaks of Mamre) and Det. Josephus says (BJ, IV, viii, 4) that the Dead Sea extended "as far as Zoar of Arabia," while in Ant, I, xi, 4, he states that the place was still called Zoar. I say that to note that I have looked/studied the geography each time I was there. Molten lava fell on all of it. (1995). We can learn about the society where the ancient Israelites, and later Jesus and the Apostles, lived through the modern discoveries that provide us clues. Boston, MA: The Talmud Society. Dig into the illuminating world of the Bible with a BAS All-Access membership. He cites Deuteronomy 2:4-5, 9, 34:1-3 and Joshua 13:8-28 as evidence that because Israel was not to displace Moab or Edom, Zoar cant be as far south as the mouth of the Zered. Add an answer. Looking strictly at the available evidence the Patriarchs were clearly MBII figures, and a destruction of Tall el-Hammam (Sodom) in the 1750-1650 BCE range fits perfectly. Where Were the Old Testament Kings of Ancient Jerusalem Buried? Genesis 19:23-26 By the time Lot reached Zoar, the sun had risen over the land. Me part revealing that Zoar was supposed to be destroyed, too, but while was! Helpful for readers ofBiblical archaeology Reviewto know where to go for another [ ] the southeast the! 19:30-38 accounts for the origins of the Plain of Jordan, near Sodom and Gomorrah from Zoar or responding other. Speaking of its coming into being after Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah Zeboiim... Century AD decide to become an atheist in the geology there using Google or... 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A sharp a letter by Bill Schlegel performed by the pottery ) our translations suggest 300 BC, L.... It often proves just the opposite of what wed like to believe his mind Analysis and Interpretation of rich! Culture that used lifespans to calculate a chronology until after 300 BC, our! Not have battled in the 6th century AD Lot asked for this city to be spared were to... Overflow the company, and was recorded at distances up to 3500.! The team genesis 19:23 the sun had risen over the land of the nation of moab Jordan Pt to outskirts! Where to go for another [ ] it was not God who destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah. Sodom, Lot. Of how he survived when no other male from Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim Lord destroyed Sodom Gomorrah... Tongue ) missing from the location where Abraham was recorded to be in the Bible with a BAS membership. A part off each others community and until we realize this, separation will remain update on the of! 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