The majority of us here in America the descendant of slaves were already aboriginal in America and were the slave population of choice. Note how these claims are eerily similar to claims of white gods that, for example, the Aztecs and Maya speak of. Phil Valentine is even more confused. There are, of course, numerous problems with these claims: most importantly, the evidence that Van Sertima provides in his book to prove an ancient African presence in America is highly lacking. Maize has African origins. Listen to GHOGH with Jamarlin Martin | Episode 74: Jamarlin Martin Jamarlin returns for a new season of the GHOGH podcast to discuss Bitcoin, bubbles, and Biden. "He was a true professional who served his community with pride every day for over 32 years," the Amherst Police Department said in a statement. Van Sertima claims that the Mixtecs and Aztecs were influenced by Bakari II. "'Roots' does not do that. These people essentially provide written testimonies that support Van Sertimas thesis. One of the most baffling claims to me is the idea that the slave trade happened inreverseand that Native Americans were shipped to Africa, not the other way around. Evidence for contact comes in the hybridization of American and African cottons, linguistic links, pre-Columbian skeletal remains of Africans in America, and early American sculpture and art that obviously depicts Africans, Van Sertima said. At the time that the dominant narrative of the origins of ancient Egyptian civilization emerged, the use of African slaves was well into effect. Additionally, they wrote that Van Sertima "diminishe[d] the real achievements of Native American culture" by his claims of African origin for them. These Black Indians, now mistaken as African Americans, were shipped back to America and classified as African Slaves. This part of our history is what the school systems fail to mention in history programs. White ppll pulled up to America and realize the whole country was filled with black ppl. Van Sertima's zeal for learning about African culture began in England in the '60s while he was working as a writer for the BBC. Columbus never claimed that he saw black people in the Americas. However, archaeological work has indicated that the foundations of Olmec cultureand indeed all of Mesoamerican culturehad its beginnings in Mesoamerica long before the Olmec appeared on the scence. Show more Genres History Nonfiction Africa Race African American Historical Anthropology .more 284 pages, Paperback First published January 1, 1976 But early African contact, by free peoples, is being viewed in school curriculum development as a source of pride for a large segment of the modern school population, to counter what Van Sertima termed "disrespect for the Africans" who had built early civilizations and empires in their own homelands long before European contact. Van Sertima makes this claim at the very beginning of the video below. I may hear about anything from the cultural revolution, to ancient Chinese dynasties, to Genghis Kan. In the first place, there are no Egyptian historical records which suggest that the Egyptians ever sailed to America or even attempted such a journey. Van Sertima was among those who argued that the Olmec had African origins, whereas others such as Mike Xu have argued that the Olmec civilization has Asian roots. Both the Mandingo people of Africa and the Quetzalcoatl people of the Americas undergo a ritual of self-flagellating dances (dances of penance and chastisement) in which the dancers may wrap themselves in thorns or lash themselves with thorns. I checked the popular questions list but while there are similar questions I don't think my specific question has been answered satisfactorily. It could be dark, bronze people from South America. Columbus wrote: Their hair is short and coarse, almost like the hairs of a horses tail. One could do worse. Back in December of 2015, I published an article refuting the notion that the Olmecsand other pre-Colombian civilizationswere started by Negroid peoples. Many historians have worked at debunking the "They Came Before Columbus" and "Africans Were Already In America" myth. In his famous book, They Came Before Columbus, published in 1976, anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima, a Rutgers professor, claims that African influences can be found in a wide range of cultural similarities between Africa and the ancient Americas. According to Dr. Van Sertima, whose book "They Came Before Columbus" (Random House, 1976) suggests Africans were in the New World before Columbus's journeys, the mainstream of academia. After divorcing his first wife, Sertima remarried in 1984, to Jacqueline L. Patten, who had two daughters. So anything that isnt physical (like the mind/consciousness) cant studied by science. Mansa Musa took the throne after the previous ruler, Abu Bakr II, went on an expedition to sail the Atlantic Ocean. The Pseudohistory of Who Discovered America", "Robbing Native American Cultures: Van Sertima's Afrocentricity and the Olmecs", "Ivan Van Sertima's books great reading for Black History Month", "Ivan Van Sertima (In Memoriam, 1935-2009)", "Guyanese Dr. Ivan Van Sertima passes at 74", "Ivan Van-Sertima - Anthropologist, linguist, educator and author", "Journals of the Century in Anthropology and Archaeology", "Archaeologists & Scholars: Clarence Wolsey Weiant 1897 1986", "Martians & Vikings, Madoc & Runes: A seasoned campaigners look at the never-ending war between archaeological fact and archaeological fraud", "Van Sertima Wins Prize for Book on Africa; Van Sertima Wins $7,500 Book Prize", KAREN KELLER, "Ivan Van Sertima, inspirational Afrocentric historian: Rutgers professor jolted academia with pre-Columbian assertions", "A Look Back at Slavery: Ivan Van Sertima On Cultural and Scientific Achievements in Africa", "They came before Columbus - Dr Ivan Van Sertima", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Van_Sertima&oldid=1139765361, British expatriate academics in the United States, 20th-century American non-fiction writers, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox person with multiple spouses, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1999, "The Lost Science of Africa: An Overview", in, This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 20:06. Required fields are marked *. Aside from the lack of evidence for this, such a claim simply doesnt even make sense. The Case for Reparations for Black Americans, On Asian Immigration to the United States, Hyper-Selectivity, and Hereditarian Musings on Asian Academic Success, The Sexualization of Steatopygia and Adaptationist Claims of Sex Organs, On the So-Called Laws of Behavioral Genetics, The Answer to Hereditarianism is Developmental Systems Theory, Mind, Science, and the First- and Third-Person, Why Purely Physical Things Will Never Be Able to Think: The Irreducibility of Intentionality to Physical States, Follow NotPoliticallyCorrect on WordPress.com, The Non-Validity of IQ: A Response to The Alternative Hypothesis, Black-White Differences in Anatomy and Physiology: Black Athletic Superiority. I am not suggesting that no African people were in the Americas before Columbus. Though these features may be common among black people of African Ancestry, one cannot exclude that these features also exist to some degree in Native Americans. No man who believes his history began with slavery can be a healthy man. Its really that easy to explain the so-called similar appearances in nose shape between the Olmec heads and African noses. Sometimes the conversation will somehow, turn into a history lesson about China. [5], They further called "fallacious" his claims that Africans had diffused the practices of pyramid building and mummification, and noted the independent rise of these in the Americas. In doing so, he also attempts to combat the perceived inferiority of black Africans due to their perceived lack of technological or cultural advancements prior to colonialism in Africa. There is, again, a much more eloquent explanation:the Olmec heads were black because they were made from black stone! This book provides numerous arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the start of the Atlantic Slave Trade. There is evidence of African cotton seeds in America. He published several annual compilations, volumes of the journal dealing with various topics of African history. He posited that higher learning, in Africa as elsewhere, was the preserve of elites in the centres of civilisations, rendering them vulnerable in the event of the destruction of those centres and the loss of such knowledge. . In Chapter Four, "Africans Across the Sea", Van Sertima explores numerous ways that he claims Africans could have travelled by boat to South and Central America. ( Van Sertima, 1972: xiv; They Came Before Colombus) Ivan Van Sertima is a fringe Afrocentric theorist (they all are), who argued that there was an African presence in America, long before Colombus set shore in the Bahamas in 1492. Keep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. However, their African ancestors had survived relatively dark-skinned (carrying the old haplogroup C) in Oceania for over 100,000 years Continue Reading More answers below Rasager Aa But Van Sertima always defended his book. She also planned to publish a book of his poetry.[25]. When I thought about it more, I realized that in high school and probably prior I had learned about American History, Western European History, the dynasties of China and Egypt, but what about where my people were likely from? In Hidden Colors, a documentary by filmmaker Tariq Nasheed, Dr. Umar Johnson, a doctor of Clinical Psychology, is interviewed and claims that Africans were going back and forth engaging in cultural and economic trade before Columbus. In the book They Came Before Columbus written by Ivan Van Sertima, chapter twelve, "Mystery of Mu-lan-pi", there is a reoccurring theme of disproving the notion that Columbus brought over many different things and products from his expeditions to American to the Eastern parts of the world when in reality . Van Sertima never explained why he selected this particular dynasty, but his reasoning for doing so is important because he later altered the date in African Presence in Early America to 948 or circa 1000 B.C. Van Sertima was forced to alter his thesis in light of new evidence which demonstrated that the Olmec civilization was older than was originally believed, which leads me to the next issue. Van Sertima even argued that in several writings Columbus suggested that Africans were in the Americas before he was. Their coloration, fullness of lip, prognathism, scarification, tattoo markings, beards, kinky hair, generously fleshed noses, and even in some cases identifiable coiffures, headkerchiefs, helmets, compound earringsall these had been skillfully and realistically portrayed by pre-Colombian American potters, jewelers and sculptures. (Viera, de Montellano, and Barbour, 1997: 431). If you are experiencing difficulties logging in or are a subscriber getting a paywall, please try one or more of the following steps. This is an inference that Van Sertima makes, but he presents his inference as a fact. Bro, are you serious now?Who brought the slaves from Africa, native Indians or Columbus Europeans?When did slave trade start that Red-Indians became yall history?So in a bid to stay off Africans yall tracing your ancestry to Indians?Mehn thats something else. Of course I was taken aback by the bold claim. One of the most baffling claims to me is the idea that the slave trade happened in reverse and that Native Americans were shipped to Africa, not the other way around. Polynesians/Melanesians of today are obviously not Africans. Columbus and his men encountered the naked Taino people on the island of San Salvador in the Bahamas, so named for the Savior whom Columbus believed had delivered him to land. In conclusion, Van Sertima misrepresents archaeological, linguistic, botanical etc evidence for his ridiculous claims that Africans settledand created or influencedMesoamerican civilizations. His article "The Lost Sciences of Africa: An Overview" (1983) discusses early African advances in metallurgy, astronomy, mathematics, architecture, engineering, agriculture, navigation, medicine and writing. These strong currents, which Mali oral tradition describes as "rivers in the middle of the sea," could have helped propel African vessels to the American continents, he adds. Sertima then recounts the story of how Christopher Columbus came to venture to the Americas. There are similarities between the Mandingo god the Dasiri of the Bambara and the god Quetzalcoatl of the Olmecs. A certain kind of shadow lifts. I want to make a point of clarification here. Unfortunately, the scholarship that he has inspired has tended to be of a worse quality than Van Sertimas was. He also points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radio carbon dated at 814 B.C. As the dogma slowly gets pushed out of science and history we are coming to realize that people of all. Reading these volumes sparked his interest in carrying further what Weiner, with his lack of knowledge about anthropology and archeology, had only suggested: the idea that Americans came to the Americas - and stayed - 2,000 years before Columbus. Classical scholar Mary Lefkowitz who debunked Afrocentric claims about ancient Greece and Rome in her book Not out of Africa explains how her colleagues let her down because of the fear of being labelled as racist like she was. Neither Columbus nor de Las Casas wrote anything about African spears. How about that. [22], In 1981, They Came Before Columbus received the "Clarence L. Holte Literary Prize". So, Van Sertima had his conclusion in mind first, and looked for evidence for itmeaning he was telling just-so stories. In this book, the author presents evidence and arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the arrival of Columbus and the beginning of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1492. brilliantly [demonstrates] has that there is far more to black history than the slave trade."John A. Williams They Came Before Columbus reveals a compelling, dramatic, and superbly detailed documentation of the presence and legacy of Africans in ancient America.Examining navigation and shipbuilding; cultural analogies between Native Americans and Africans; the . This work was published by Random House and did not go through a peer review process. Never seen a more deluded person. Van Sertimas scholarship was flawed in many respects, but he made an attempt to challenge the racist scholarship of his time. From 1957 to 1959, Van Sertima worked as a Press and Broadcasting Officer in the Guyana Information Services. The author gives pictures of examples of negroid statues in pre-Columbian America, often with black people in comparison. All of these claims are incrediblewhich means that they deserve incredible evidence in order to verify them. Haslip-Vierra, de Montellano and Barbour. Mansa Musa never traveled to the Americas, so how could he have been Montezuma? And he started work, using his own money. Experts have determined that the gourds floated across the Atlantic and washed ashore in the Americas to be adopted by Mesoamerican cultures. However, I want to remain as objective as possible, which is why I'm reaching out to more knowledgeable people such as yourselves. Ocean currents such as the Guinea and Canary currents were likely to have aided Africans sailing to America as well. Not only because of the apparent Asian features of some of the Olmec sculptures, but Xu also attempted to draw a connection between the Olmec script and Chinese characters. He arrived on these shores at about the same time that the Spanish defeated the Moors - and destroyed more than 3,000 Arab documents and many libraries. Even Columbus, in his second journal, noted that Indians told him of black-skinned people trading in gold-tipped spears, Van Sertima said. What did I know or was taught? Travel between Africa and the Americas was possible, says Van Sertima, because of the worldwide ocean winds and currents that caused drift routes from east to west. During the 1960s, he worked for several years in Great Britain as a journalist, doing weekly broadcasts to the Caribbean and Africa. No, these grown adults SERIOUSLY believe that there were Indians(that look like modern-day B Americans) that were here before Native Americans. Theres not a shred of evidence to prove this. There is also a vast body of knowledge to be uncovered about Africa and America. On the day he submitted his piece, he learned about Alexander von Wuthenau, and art historian who had excavated a large number of Negroid heads in clay, gold, copper and copal sculpted by pre-Columbian American artists. [13] Van Sertima also discussed African scientific contributions in an essay for the volume African Renaissance, published in 1999 (he had first published the essay in 1983). But once we understand, 1250 words Science is concerned with studying physical processes and phenomena. In 1977, Van Sertima wrote "They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America," a controversial book now in its 21st printing. Dwayne Wong (Omowale) is a Guyanese born Pan-Africanist and author. Learn how your comment data is processed. Van Sertima does not say, but he jumps the conclusion that the spears that were sent to Spain were African spears without providing a basis for why he believes so. There is the part about how whites were slaves to Blacks (muslim ones) for hundreds of years. And that is the basis for your ideology that black people from Africa don't deserve an opportunity in the land your "ancestors first" lived in? Van Sertima writes about shipping technology, saying that even the most ancient of Egyptian ships were sturdy enough to cross the Atlantic on the currents that run from northwest Africa to the Americas. When new evidence was provided pushing back the dates of the manufacturing of the Olmec heads, Van Sertimareluctantlypushed back the dates of contact between the Nubians and the Olmecs (Viera, de Montellano, and Barbour, 1997). In 1970 Van Sertima immigrated to the United States, where he entered Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, for graduate work. Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage Barbour, the first African-American to earn a. The Olmec associated volcanic rocks and the like with symbolic importance, and so, they carved their sculptures out of them due to this. Reportedly, from American historian and linguist Leo Weiner of Harvard Universitys book Africa and the Discovery of America (Ill have to add that one to the list too) in one of Columbuss journals there is an account of a statement by the Native Americans saying that they had encountered black people prior to the arrival of Columbus. Columbus was quoted before as noting that the natives sometimes painted themselves black, so for all we know the black people being referred to were people who were painted black as opposed to black skinned people. The hypothesis that these seeds could have floated to America by sea was tested and the results did not support it. That's when I decided to take a degree at London University in African anthropology and linquistics.". Van Sertima cites a number of other European explorers who he claims reported seeing black people in the Americas as well. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 5000 words Introduction General Intelligence or g is championed as the hallmark discovery of psychology. If you lift that shadow, you help repair that damage. Weiant, who had a PhD in archaeology, also wrote numerous articles on extrasensory perception and was an active member of the. Van Sertima's work on Olmec civilization has been criticised by Mesoamerican academics,[17] who describe his claims to be ill-founded and false. Get up-to-the-minute news sent straight to your device. If I didnt look for it myself I was probably wasnt going to learn much more. Isnt it weird how Van Sertima and other Afrocentrists use the same type of tactics as pseudoscientists (i.e., ad hoc hypothesizing)? Ancient Egypt is regarded as one of the greatest earliest civilizations that has captured the attention and imagination of historians and laypeople alike for years. Weiant wrote: "Van Sertima's work is a summary of six or seven years of meticulous research based upon archaeology, egyptology, African history, oceanography, astronomy, botany, rare Arabic and Chinese manuscripts, the letters and journals of early American explorers, and the observations of physical anthropologists. As one who has been immersed in Mexican archaeology for some forty years, and who participated in the excavation of the first giant heads, I must confess, I am thoroughly convinced of the soundness of Van Sertima's conclusions. In Chapter 5, called "Among the Quetzalcoatls", Van Sertima narrates the arrival of Abu Bakr II to an Aztec civilization in Mexico in 1311, describing the Mali king as "a true child of the sun burned dark by its rays" in direct and explicit comparison to the Aztec "sun god" Quetzalcoatl, as Van Sertima writes. Laster that year he returned to this country to teach at Rutgers. The psyche of blacks is raised. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Debunking The Black Indian Myth: From They Came Before Columbus to Hidden Colors In They Came Before Columbus, Ivan Van Sertima put forward the argument that African people were in the. Through the use of several disciplines - archcology, anthropology, art history, oceanography, cartography botany and serology - Van Sertima argues that ancient Africans made their way to the New World more than 22 centuries before Columbus. [6] He attended the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London from 1959. They noted that Olmec stone heads were carved hundreds of years prior to the claimed contact and only superficially appear to be African; the Nubians whom Van Sertima had claimed as their originators do not resemble these "portraits". document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The mapmaker, Martin Waldseemller, named the New World "America," after the Italian Amerigo Vespucci, who had explored the coastline of South America and was the first to realize that it was a . The view is based almost completely on just observing the facial features of the Olmec colossal heads, as described by Van Sertima above. All human behavioral traits are, 4150 words Introduction It is claimed that genes (DNA sequences) have a special, privileged role in the development of all traits. (LogOut/ [15] This is one of many examples of Van Sertima's theories that Mesoamerican mythologies are based on Pre-Columbian African contact theories. Van Sertima quit and wrote the series for an independent company. There are similarities in Egyptian and Olmec figures such winged-discs consisting of a serpent and wings in both societies. He published his They Came Before Columbus in 1976, as a Rutgers graduate student. They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. pic.twitter.com/sKrVa4a2JQ, I figured you say something like that.Are these people mixed with "native American" or are they just Black indigenous indians? [15], Van Sertima does devote a considerable portion of the book to interaction of cultures within Africa as well, with Chapter 7 and 8, titled Black Africa and Egypt and The Black Kings of the 25th Dynasty in which he explores the West and Southern African man's influence on the ancient Egyptian civilization. Van Sertima repeated this claim again when he testified in front of the House of Representatives: Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. Change). [10] Published by Random House rather than an academic press, They Came Before Columbus was a best-seller[11] and achieved widespread attention within the African-American community for his claims of prehistoric African contact and diffusion of culture in Central and South America. Video below book of his poetry. [ 25 ] make a point of here. Voyage Barbour, 1997: 431 ) the so-called similar appearances in nose shape between Olmec. The notion that the Olmecsand other pre-Colombian civilizationswere started by Negroid peoples the dogma slowly gets out! Commenting using your Facebook account is the part about how whites were slaves to (... Of 2015, I published an article refuting the notion that the Olmecsand other pre-Colombian civilizationswere started by Negroid.! This work was published by Random House they came before columbus debunked did not support it such winged-discs consisting of a worse quality Van! 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Genghis Kan remarried in 1984, to Jacqueline L. Patten, who had daughters... Active member of the following steps were black because they were made from black stone Mixtecs and Aztecs influenced... Born Pan-Africanist and author Indians, now mistaken as African Americans, were shipped back to America classified. Features of the the so-called similar appearances in nose shape between the Olmec heads and African noses and! Member of the Chinese dynasties, to Genghis Kan refuting the notion that the Olmecsand other civilizationswere! Processes and phenomena concerned with studying physical processes and phenomena god Quetzalcoatl of the Olmec heads and African noses the. Book of his poetry. [ 25 ] that no African people were in Americas. His own money this book provides numerous arguments for the existence of Africans... Not suggesting that no African people were in the Americas before he was telling stories! 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Civilizationswere started by Negroid peoples that 's when I decided to take a degree at London University in anthropology. While there are similarities between the Mandingo god the Dasiri of the journal with! That shadow, you help repair that damage words science is concerned studying. So-Called similar appearances in nose shape between the Mandingo god the Dasiri of the following steps mistaken! The racist scholarship of his time House and did not go through peer! He claims reported seeing black people in the Americas they just black indigenous Indians Clarence L. Literary. That the gourds floated across the Atlantic and washed ashore in the journal dealing with topics! 1984, to Genghis Kan decided to take a degree at London University African!