They cant feed their people. But think about the Prague Spring, in August, 1968. Otherwise, their war is unfolding well. They dont even have a Quisling yet. a settlement among Russia, Ukraine, and the West, The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama. And heres what the inside of that regime looks like.. Who did that? The courage of the Ukrainian people and the bravery and smarts of the Ukrainian government, and its President, Zelensky, galvanized the West to remember who it was. Theyre watching (a) our intelligence penetration, (b) the mistakes of a despotism, and (c) the costs that you have to pay as the U.S. and European private companies cancel Russia up and down. This is a Russia that we know, and its not a Russia that arrived yesterday or in the nineteen-nineties. The story emanates from Stalins office but not from his point of view. If it was good enough for Putin and his cronies, its good enough for me as the governor of Podunk province. But we still talk about oligarchs. The Independent writes in its review, Kotkin's biography "tends to history rather than biography. Those are the people who are in power. Stalin (Penguin): vol. Hes getting what he wants to hear. In fact, you can argue that Russia broke its teeth twice on Poland: first in the nineteenth century, leading up to the twentieth century, and again at the end of the Soviet Union, with Solidarity. They dont have a puppet regime to install. The corrective mechanisms become fewer. In addition, it has a brilliant coterie of people who run macroeconomics. It has reasonable inflation, a very balanced budget, very low state debttwenty per cent of G.D.P., the lowest of any major economy. You will get an email reminder before your trial ends. It had repression. [6][7] Mark Atwood Lawrence quotes directly from Kotkin, "The dictator believed, Kotkin contends, that the worlds most powerful countries "achieved and maintained their great-power status by mastery of a set of modern attributes: mass production, mass consumption, mass culture, mass politics. The regime doesnt provide the economic growth, and it doesnt say, Oh, you know, were in violation of our promise. Instead of getting the strong state that they want, to manage the gulf with the West and push and force Russia up to the highest level, they instead get a personalist regime. To redeem, copy and paste the code during the checkout process. This is the problem of despotism. Academic career [ edit] His masterwork is a biography of Joseph Stalin. OpenAIs chatbot offers paraphrases, whereas Google offers quotes. . It became a kind of free-for-all. He served on the core editorial committee of the World Politics, flagship journal in comparative politics. The book is long but very readable and highly accessible to the general reader. Building and running a dictatorship, with life and death power over hundreds of millions, made Stalin into the uncanny figure he became. Weve been hearing voices both past and present saying that the reason for what has happened is, as George Kennan put it, the strategic blunder of the eastward expansion of NATO. Cancel anytime. They hire people who are a little bit, as they say in Russian, tupoi, not very bright. Its not a response to the actions of the West. There is always a possibility of a palace coup. Interview with Stephen Kotkin, (part 1), Why Does Joseph Stalin Matter? We dont need you to vote. And that shocked Putin! Way before NATO existedin the nineteenth centuryRussia looked like this: it had an autocrat. Encontre diversos livros escritos por Kotkin, Stephen com timos preos. Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. And that works for a time, but very superficially. We dont know yet how the sanctions are going to work. Both principled and pragmatic, he is also more plugged in than any reporter or analyst I know. II: Waiting for Hitler, 19281941, "A Portrait of Stalin in All His Murderous Contradictions", "Terror and killing and more killing under Stalin leading up to World War II", Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union, Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites", Case of Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Military Organization, "Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 the despot's early years", "Stalin: Paradoxes of Power 1878-1928 by Stephen Kotkin, Book Review: How did his youth result in one of history's greatest tragedies? "[3], Addressing the veiled comparison between Hitler and Stalin, an unspoken theme that runs through the book until it bursts into the open at the third section of the book,[3] Vladimir Tismaneanu writes, "This book is not only about Stalin and his rivals within the Bolshevik elite and neither is it limited to the impact of international crises on Stalin's choices. Kotkin himself almost despairs of the challenges he faced in narrating the complicated and fractured tale of revolution, civil war and reconstruction. 0 ratings. Its only a couple of weeks in; wars last much longer. Lets be careful not to allow the Chinese Communists to expropriate, as it were, the hard labor, the entrepreneurialism, the dynamism of millions and millions of people in that society. But now he owns it. "[10], Another common question asked by many about the Great Terror is how and why Stalin was able to conduct the purges and not face opposition or become a casualty in the process, Mark Atwood Lawrence states, "Kotkins most striking contribution, though, is to probe reasons Stalin encountered little opposition as he wrought mayhem on his nation. [A] magnificent biography. | ISBN 9780698170100 But Stalin wasnt specifically trying to target Kazakhs either, even though in this region collectivisation was accompanied by a lethal policy of forced settlement of nomads. He has written many books on Stalin and the Soviet Union including the first 2 of a 3 volume work on Stalin, and he is currently working on volume 3. They were immensely different beings, biographically and culturally, yet they shared an irreducible hostility to the bourgeois world. Somehow, we have to keep at it with all the tools that we havepressure but also diplomacy. If money just gushes out of the ground in the form of hydrocarbons or diamonds or other minerals, the oppressors can emancipate themselves from the oppressed. Regimes can sometimes survive sanctions because they can just steal more internally. If they can deny political alternatives, if they can force all opposition into exile or prison, they can survive, no matter how incompetent or corrupt or terrible they are. OverDrive: ebooks, audiobooks, and more for libraries and schools Media Stalin, Volume III Stalin, Volume III audiobook (Unabridged) By Stephen Kotkin audiobook Edition Unabridged Author Stephen Kotkin Recorded Books, Inc. 13 February 2024 Find this title in Libby, the library reading app by OverDrive. At the same time, Putin is working overtime to prevent any such defection while our intelligence services are working overtime to entice just such a defectionnot of cultural figures, not former politicians but current security and military officials inside the regime. PDF | On Apr 1, 2018, Michael Jabara Carley published Stephen Kotkin, Stalin : Vol. by Stephen Kotkin. One other example is what happened in Afghanistan, in 1979. The West has decided, for obvious reasons, not to go to war with Russia, not to have a no-fly zone. He makes mistakes and sometimes allows himself to be blinded by obsessions. Moreover, having a TV-production company run a country is not a good idea in peacetime, but in wartime, when information war is one of your goals, its a fabulous thing to have in place. Stephen Kotkin offers a biography that, at long last, is equal to this shrewd, sociopathic, charismatic dictator in all his dimensions. Theyve done much better than we anticipated based upon what we saw in Afghanistan and the botched run-up on the deal to sell nuclear submarines to the Australians. Want to Read. So George Kennan was an unbelievably important scholar and practitionerthe greatest Russia expert who ever livedbut I just dont think blaming the West is the right analysis for where we are. They get a dictatorship, which usually becomes a despotism. When is Stephen Kotkin's Stalin Volume III is expected to be released? Reviews for Stalin, Volume III. With Ukraine, we have the assumption that it could be a successful version of Afghanistan, and it wasnt. Perhaps. Youre ruining communism. In any case, he believes that hes superior and smarter. Russia is European, but not Western. The world outside has been transformed. Millions will die, and many more millions will suffer, but the man will push through to the end against all resistance and doubts.Where did such power come from? Taking advantage of long-forbidden archives in Moscow and beyond, Kotkin has written a biography of Stalin that surpasses those by Isaac Deutscher, Robert Conquest, Robert C. Tucker, and countless others. Its biography on an epic scale. The aspiration to be a great power, the aspiration to carry out a special mission in the world, the fear and suspicion that outsiders are trying to get them or bring them down: those are stories that work in Russia. Previously, I authored a case study of the Stalin epoch from a street-level perspective, in the form of a total history of a single industrial town. We hear chatter. But, for the military security part of the regime, which is the dominant part, the West is your enemy, the West is trying to undermine you, its trying to overthrow your regime in some type of so-called color revolution. Thats what happens with dictatorships. The information gets worse. When the band seizes control of the country in the aftermath of total world war, the former seminarian ruthlessly dominates the new regime . This is a serious regime, not to be taken lightly. Always, when you miscalculate, when your assumptions are bad, people think youre crazy. Save Stalin, Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 for later. Ever since we met in Moscow, many years agoKotkin was doing research on the Stalinist industrial city of MagnitogorskIve found his guidance on everything from the structure of the Putin regime to its roots in Russian history to be invaluable. Dont do that. Russia is advancing very well in the south, which is an extremely valuable place because of the Black Sea littoral and the ports. We are also, however, arming the Ukrainians to the teeth. It did a coup in Afghanistan, sending special forces into the capital of Kabul. This thread is archived New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast He was trying to get as much grain and other foodstuffs as he could out of peasants who didnt want to give it up. Which do we prefer? Theres now quite a lot of worry inside the Chinese lites, but Xi Jinping is in charge and has a personal relationship with Putin. Stephen Kotkin is a professor of history at Princeton university and one of the great historians of our time, specializing in Russian and Soviet history. As damaging as the purges were, Stalin was not irrational, Kotkin contends, but calculating and strategic. It enables him to feel more secure, through all his paranoia, that theyre not clever enough to take him down. "[9], In keeping with the theme of the previous volume, Stalin as a paradox of power, Kotkin continues to explore the paradoxes that seem to define his subject. Yes, well, war usually is a miscalculation. Ad Choices. We need a de-escalation from the maximalist spiral, and we need a little bit of luck and good fortune, perhaps in Moscow, perhaps in Helsinki or Jerusalem, perhaps in Beijing, but certainly in Kyiv. He doesnt need to have a separate bank account, and he certainly wouldnt keep it vulnerable in some Western country. The first volume, Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 18781928, was published in 2014 by Penguin Random House and the third and final volume, Miscalculation and the Mao Eclipse is scheduled to be published after 2020. What have they gotten wrong? [8][12], One of the most debated issues surrounding the Great Terror is why Stalin decided to embark on a campaign that was so destructive to the party, government and military he had worked to build. Those people are jockeying over who gets the upper hand. There is pressure on our side to do something because the Ukrainians are dying every day while we are sitting on the sidelines, militarily, in some ways. Sadly, this encouraged people all up and down the regime to start stealing other peoples businesses and property. About the author (2017) Stephen Kotkin has a fair claim to be considered as the greatest living expert on Stalin. The oppressors can say, we dont need you. The great-power realist-school historian John Mearsheimer insists that a great deal of the blame for what were witnessing must go to the United States. At the same time, Russia feels that it has a special place in the world, a special mission. Its problem has always been not this sense of self or identity but the fact that its capabilities have never matched its aspirations. In the Kremlin, Brezhnev is asking Dubek, after having sent the tanks in and capturing him, what should they do now? Suny writes about Kotkin's answer, "he contends that the cause lies in a particular mentality that originated in Marxism and lethally meshed with Stalin's peculiar psychology. [4][5] In this second volume, Kotkin begins to explore and understand the person who had come to dominate party and government and his evolution from dictator to despot, from a ruthless and brutal revolutionary into a mass murderer and architect of genocide. He believed that the Ukrainian government was a pushover. That seems unlikely. But, again, we have no idea whats going on inside. I have only the greatest respect for George Kennan. Related to Stalin, Volume III. 3.60 avg rating 238 ratings published 2002 15 editions. 0 coins. Despotism creates the circumstances of its own undermining. But, in an authoritarian regime, thats not what they do. This is a magisterial work on the grandest scale.Strobe Talbott, president of the Brookings Institution:More than any of Stalins previous biographers, Stephen Kotkin humanizes one of the great monsters of history, thereby making the monstrosity more comprehensible than it has been before. The Nazis came into Kyiv, in 1940. But it also diminishes the power of the Russian state because you have a construction foreman whos the defense minister [Sergei Shoigu], and he was feeding Putin all sorts of nonsense about what they were going to do in Ukraine. Where would we be now if Poland or the Baltic states were not in NATO? So now were watching Moscow. Do you want to turn the ignition on in your car? That would be an unbelievable, tragic outcome. Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878 - 1928, 2015 . He rearranged the deck chairs. The author clearly demonstrates the grain seizures as the primary cause of the man-made famine in Ukraine, the Lower Volga and Kazakhstan. This is the thing about authoritarian regimes: theyre terrible at everything. Only Tolstoy might have matched it.William Taubman, Professor of Political Science Emeritus, Amherst College; author of Khrushchev: The Man and his Era, winner of the 2004 Pulitzer Prize for BiographyStalin has had more than his fair share of biographies. Moreover, the largest and most important consideration is that Russia cannot successfully occupy Ukraine. This reviewer, at least, is already impatient to read the next two volumes for their authors mastery of detail and the swagger of his judgments.David Johnson, Johnsons Russia List:Required reading for serious Russia-watchers As the product of years of work and careful thought, it is for me a reminder of what it takes to get close to the truth about important and controversial subjects. In every sphere, its a profound, remarkable placea whole civilization, more than just a country. Stephen Kotkin is one of our most profound and prodigious scholars of Russian history. The West is a series of institutions and values. Its understandable that economic sanctions, including really powerful ones, are the tools that we reach for. What is Putinism? by Stephen Kotkin. A filmmakers journey to the heart of the war. We think of censorship as suppression of information, but censorship is also the active promotion of certain kinds of stories that will resonate with the people. Xi Jinping, who is heading for an unprecedented third term in the fall, needed this like a hole in the head. and is now in prison. Everybody knew this. That would mean catalyzing a process to engage Putin in discussion with, say, the President of Finland, whom he respects and knows well, or the Israeli Prime Minister, who has been in contact with him; less probably, with the Chinese leadership, with Xi Jinping. This is where youll see your current point status and your earned rewards. There are internal processes in Russia that account for where we are today. Can the United States and NATO help build a way for Russia to end this horrific and murderous invasion before it grows even worse? . The problem is, we cant assume its a bluff. Russia is a great power, but not the great power, except for those few moments in history that you just enumerated. I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 by Stephen Kotkin | 23 Oct 2014 4.6 (609) Kindle Edition 79918.99 Available instantly Hardcover Paperback 154418.99 Get it tomorrow, Feb 14 FREE Delivery by Amazon More buying choices 7.53 (25 used & new offers) Other format: Audio CD But here are some of the considerations: after three or four weeks of war, you need a strategic pause. (64 .) His research, narrative and arguments are as convincing as they are exhaustive. What accounts for the popularity of an authoritarian regime like Putins? That is what were seeing now in Kharkiv and in other parts of Ukraine. 16 editions. The central bank, the finance ministry, are all run on the highest professional level. Khrushchev was overthrown and replaced, eventually, by Brezhnev. Listen to Stalin, Volume III by Stephen Kotkin with a free trial. Why would they care about Ukraine? If you assumed that the West was just going to fold, because it was in decline and ran from Afghanistan; if you assumed that the Ukrainian people were not for real, were not a nation; if you assumed that Zelensky was just a TV actor, a comedian, a Russian-speaking Jew from Eastern Ukraineif you assumed all of that, then maybe you thought you could take Kyiv in two days or four days. Its not as if were not trying. Sign up for our daily newsletter to receive the best stories from The New Yorker. Kotkin's most recent book is his first of three planned volumes, which discuss the life and times of the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin: Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 (2014). The Soviet Union did not invade Afghanistan. For Kotkin, this is a key part of explaining Stalin's inner thoughts at the moment he decided to ignore Bukharin's desperate requests to spare him the death penalty. Unabridged | Read Reviews. The very attempt to solve the problem worsens the problem, and the gulf with the West widens. The author does not appear to be watching his subject narrowly for early signs of the monstrous deformations that will later emerge. The oligarchs were never in power under Putin. Russia has a spurt of economic growth, and it builds up its military, and then, of course, it hits a wall. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. In the first volume of Kotkin's biography, he detailed how the world that Stalin was born into molded his personality and shaped his views as he developed into the person who would in turn mold the Bolshevik party and shape the Soviet government, both of which he would come to dominate. They do not have the number of administrators theyd need or the coperation of the population. So you have a military-police dictatorship in charge, with a macroeconomic team running your fiscal, military state. And so they sent Dubek back to Czechoslovakia, and he stayed in power [until April, 1969], after the tanks had come in to crush the Prague Spring. But, of course, they decided they might need some security in Afghanistan for the new regime. You know, in the Russian case, Navalny was arrested. For macroeconomic stability, for economic growth, you need decent relations with the West. The regime became more and more corrupt, less and less sophisticated, less and less trustworthy, less and less popular. Clear rating. We have some options here. Kotkin's most recent book is his first of three planned volumes, which discuss the life and times of the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin: Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 (2014). Evidently, Putin didnt believe that. "[8][3], The author goes into significant detail about Stalin's ending the "concessions" Lenin made to the Soviet peasantry and his ensuing genocidal campaign of collectivization, the destruction of class enemies or kulaks and the famine inducing grain seizures. [7][3], Sheila Fitzpatrick writes about one of Kotkin's controversial conclusions: that while Stalin's policy was the cause of the famines and he and his inner circle were completely aware of the resulting famines and did nothing to stop or mitigate them, Stalin was not deliberately trying to exterminate peasants. It had suspicion of foreigners and the West. The volume is the third of a three-volume study that that tells the story not just of Stalin's impact on the world, but of the world's impact on Stalin. Only Mr. Kotkins book approaches the highest standard of scholarly rigor and general-interest readability.New Statesman(UK):[Kotkins] viewpoint is godlike: all the world falls within his purview. A historian envisions a settlement among Russia, Ukraine, and the West. There was no Ukrainian famine; the famine was Soviet. Kazakhs in fact suffered proportionally much more than Ukrainians, with up to 1.4 million deaths out of a total population of 6.5 million, compared to Ukraines 3.5 million deaths out of 33 million. . Audiobook (Digital) FREE With a B&N Audiobooks Subscription | Learn More. We dont rely on you for anything, because we have oil and gas, palladium and titanium. "Kotkin delivers more than a detailed and revealing biography. Stalin, Volume III. The problem with their argument is that it assumes that, had NATO not expanded, Russia wouldnt be the same or very likely close to what it is today. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2014/17. Of course, this isnt the same regime as Stalins or the tsars, either. Premium Powerups Explore Gaming. And then you say that, these high-water marks aside, however, Russia has almost always been a relatively weak great power. I wonder if you could expand on that and talk about how the internal dynamics of Russia have led to the present moment under Putin. The character of Stalin emerges as both astute and blinkered, cynical and true believing, people oriented and vicious, canny enough to see through people but prone to nonsensical beliefs. . Its one thing to bomb countries in the Middle East that dont have nuclear weapons; its another thing to contemplate bombing Russia or China in the nuclear age. Mr. Kotkins volume joins an impressive shelf of books on Stalin. And then China, the long shot, where theyre paying a heavy price and their lites below Xi Jinping understand that. The people who were in the K.G.B. Stephen kotkin stalin volume 3 release date - What it cost and Stalin ruthlessly enacted transformed the country its ruler profound enduring ways. Stephen Kotkin. Brezhnev comes in, and they take Dubek and the other leaders of Czechoslovakia back to Moscow. We have corrective mechanisms. If you expropriate somebodys bank account in London or Frankfurt or New York, well, theres a source where that came from originally, and they can go back inside Russia and tap that source again, unfortunately. Listen to bestselling audiobooks on the web, iPad, iPhone and Android. Professor Kotkin is now completing his third and final volume, "Stalin: Totalitarian Superpower". "[11] From a slightly different perspective, Sheila Fitzpatrick compares Kotkin's views of Stalin's geopolitical outlook with others. and NATO. Just for joining youll get personalized recommendations on your dashboard daily and features only for members. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. If, over time, through the Commerce Department, you deny them American-made software, equipment, and products, which affects just about every important technology in the world, and you have a target and an enforceable mechanism for doing that, you can hurt this regime and create a technology desert. The profound defiance of daily life in Kyiv. A magnificent new biography that revolutionizes ou. Japan is Western, but not European. Do not sell or share my personal information. Narrated by Not Yet Available. Theres a lot of amazing intelligence that were collecting, which is scaring the Chinese, making them worry: Do we have that level of penetration of their lites as well? They see reason to fear the possible outcomes in Ukraine. 17 1959 . The sanctions often inflict the greatest pain on the civilian population. () Writing in the London Review of Books, noted Soviet scholar Sheila Fitzpatrick writes, "Stalin is all paradox. It murdered the Afghan leadership and installed a puppet, Babrak Karmal, who had been hiding in exile in Czechoslovakia. In some ways the book builds toward a history of the world from Stalins office (at least that is what it has felt like to write it). Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928, is the first of a projected three-volume biography of the Soviet despot written by Stephen Kotkin, John P. Birkelund Professor of History and International Studies at Princeton University, and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. In Stalin, Stephen Kotkin offers a biography that, at long last, is equal to this shrewd, sociopathic, charismatic dictator in all his dimensions. 70, n 3 (avril 2018), pp. When you talk about the internal dynamics of Russia, it brings to mind a piece that you wrote for Foreign Affairs, six years ago, which began, For half a millennium, Russian foreign policy has been characterized by soaring ambitions that have exceeded the countrys capabilities. Another entails addressing the role of a single individual, even Stalin, in the gigantic sweep of history. Valheim . Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. We dont know. "Kotkin does a fine job of placing Stalins actions in their geopolitical context, which encompassed the Spanish Civil War, Japanese aggression against China, the search for collective security in the 1930s, and much more. Kotkin describes vividly the dystopian world created by the purges, the ever-present fear of arrest by the NKVD, the endless cycle of denunciations in a usually futile effort to save oneself, the bloody shadow of figures such as Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov, and Lavrentiy Beria. The New Yorker may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. "[3], This volume spans the period from 1929, with the destruction of the Right Opposition and ends with the impending NaziSoviet war in 1941. Some of the early Yeltsin-era people were either expropriated, fled, or were forced out. All of that could help change the calculus. of Hitler's main agent."[10]. Gripping Novels for Fans of Taylor Jenkins Reid, The Romance Books Kristine Swartz Is Loving Right Now, Great Picture Books To Capture the Spirit of St. Patricks Day, Browse All Our Lists, Essays, and Interviews. Kotkin's most recent book is his first of three planned volumes, which discuss the life and times of the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin: Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878-1928 (2014). What are its special characteristics, and why would those special characteristics lead it to want to invade Ukraine, which seems a singularly stupid, let alone brutal, act? They cant provide security for their people. When it is complete, it will surely become the standard work, and I heartily recommend it.John Thornhill, Financial Times:It is a measure of Kotkins powers of research and explanation that Stalins decisions can almost always be understood within the framework of his ideology and the context of his times. But Stephen Kotkins wonderfully broad-gauged work surpasses them all in both breadth and depth, showing brilliantly how the man, the time, the place, its history, and especially Russian/Soviet political culture, combined to produce one of historys greatest evil geniuses.David Halloway, Raymond A. Spruance Professor of International History, Stanford University; author of Stalin and the Bomb:Stephen Kotkins first volume on Stalin is ambitious in conception and masterly in execution. Thats the pathway were on now. Leonid Brezhnev sent in the tanks of the Warsaw Pact to halt socialism with a human face, the communist reform movement of Alexander Dubek. I would say that NATO expansion has put us in a better place to deal with this historical pattern in Russia that were seeing again today. Its an advantage that we cant forget. As we observe him seeking to wield the levers of power across Eurasia and beyond, we need to keep in mind that others before him had grasped the Russian wheel of state, and that the Soviet Union was located in the same difficult geography and buffeted by the same great-power neighbors as imperial Russia, although geopolitically, the USSR was even more challenged because some former tsarist territories broke off into hostile independent states. Yes. [Get the in-depth analysis and on-the-ground reporting you need to understand the war in Ukraine. Drawing on Kotkins exhaustive study of Soviet archival materials as well as vast scholarly literature, Stalin recasts the way we think about the Soviet Union, revolution, dictatorship, the twentieth century, and indeed the art of history itself. 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