xkcd what if neutron starxkcd what if neutron star

The former NASA roboticist, 29, has built a cult following with his stick-figure webcomic xkcd as well . Res. Shortly after 8:41 a.m. EDT on Aug. 17, NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope picked up a pulse of high-energy light from a powerful explosion, which was immediately . The story icomes from a National Geographic video. For most of them, the limiting factor isn't weight, but wind. Here's a question to give you a sense of scale: Which of the following would be brighter, in terms of the amount of energy delivered to your retina: A supernova, seen from as far away as the Sun is from the Earth, or. feed 2022 . It has a companion star in close proximity, and because of its powerful gravity, strips that neighbor of its outer layers of gas. If you observed a supernova from 1 AU awayand you somehow avoided being being incinerated, vaporized, and converted to some type of exotic plasmaeven the flood of ghostly neutrinos would be dense enough to kill you. e.g. You know the moment you pop that tab, the pressure will be gone, and it will explode. Of course, he was being figurativeyou wouldn't see the bullet coming, so you'd be just as likely to catch it with your face as with your glove. 66, p.83 After several centuries, it would be close enough to the swollen Earth that the tidal forces between Earth and the Moon would be stronger than the gravitational forces holding the Moon together. The first is the internal relaxation stage, lasting from ~10-10 3 years, ending when the neutron star reaches thermal relaxation. Red dwarf: 0.09-0.5 R; 0.07-0.3 M, 1500-4000 K, 0.00001-0.05 L. The embedded Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology, or . Join Us in Tucson for Our Annual Public Star Party! "Knowing what the shape is, is crucial here, because if you have an object that is not spherical, it emits differently, depending on your sight angle. How long should I wait to text after being left on read? In the scenario where the atmosphere isn't expanding, the air would become thin enough to be difficult to breathe even at sea level. [1]Yes, I have a citation for this. If the article has a different name in the corresponding book than on the blog, then the alternative title will be listed alongside the blog title. xkcd.com. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Karam calculates that the neutrino radiation dose at a distance of one parsec[6]3.262 light-years, or a little less than the distance from here to Alpha Centauri. If it's going fast enough, a feather can absolutely knock you over. is based on his blog of the same name that answers unusual science questions from readers in a light-hearted way that is scientifically grounded. would change Earth's radiation balance, trapping heat near the surface and raising the planet's temperature. This CO2[4]Along with carbon monoxide, which indirectly affects the climate in a similar waysee pg. On the other hand, since you'd be heavierand the mountain would be tallerclimbing would be more work. Despite all this, your scenario could fix global warming. The millions of people around the world who read and loved What If? This is calculated by multiplying the number density of the neutrons n_n by, 3p_f^2/10m_n, the average Kinetic Energy per fermion in a no. Gravity would take a long time to increase. It would just take a lot of patience. What would happen if everyone on earth stood as close to each other as they could and jumped, everyone landing on the ground at the same instant? 2: Additional Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions is out! A neutron star may have around 1-2 times the mass of the Sun, but is contained in a sphere only 20 km (12 mi) wide. Previously, she was a science reporter with a start-up publication called The Academic Times, and before that, was an immunology researcher at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York. Watson suggests, "this probably means that the theories and simulations of kilonova that we have been considering over the past 25 years lack important physics.". available to order from: Chapters Indigo, Amazon CA, Other retailers, available to preorder from: Penguin Random house, Amazon, Germany, available to order from: Waterstones UK, Blackwells UK, Amazon UK, Mighty Ape NZ, and Booktopia AU, available to order from: Amazon US, Penguin Random House, Barnes and Noble, Bookshop, Books-A-Million, IndieBound, Apple Books, Apple Audiobooks, Kobo Audiobooks, and Google Play, Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions, Absurd Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems. [10]Over decades, the force of gravity would grow slightly faster than you'd expect, since the material in the Earth would compress under its own weight. Her favorite movies are Dunkirk and Marcel the Shell with Shoes On. Monisha Ravisetti. Franz and P.C. comics from xkcd. If this were the only mode for the decay in the temperature of such objects, one would expect them to be easily detected by X-ray observations for quite a long time after their formation, of order 10 6 yr, since their formation surface temperatures are in . Okay, so we just need thousands of comets, right? Inbox, #3, Weird (and Worrying) Questions from the What If? Blue giant: 2-400 R; 2-300 M, 8000-60000 K, 15-10000000 L. Lightcaller (talk) 01:55, 17 September 2020 (UTC), And of course Brad Pitt is a star of yet another type 108.162.215.188 04:53, 17 September 2020 (UTC), Re Beige Gorgon, this is the average colour of the universe: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_latte, Note that FeII spectral lines actually refer to signs of Fe+ ions (neutral is 'I', every ionisation level above that adds 1) but I can't see it mattering to anyone who doesn't read this far and it'd certainly have FeIII lines as well for 2+, or maybe I'm confused myself, so I supported the (chemistry) Ferrous association in the description with a link while I was editing nearby. Last chance to join our 2020 Costa Rica Star Party! Everest would no longer be in the "death zone". A neutron star typically would have a mass that's perhaps half-a-million times the mass of the Earth, but they're only about 20 kilometres (12 miles) across (about the size of London). Your pendulum clock would now be ahead by five days. The satellites would stay in roughly the same orbits, but the delicate timing that the GPS system is based on would be completely ruined within hours. The first season is the fifth installment of Phase Four of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Well, I'd argue,anything except what scientists just observed. "@xkcd Reminds me of the Neutron Star cocktail from "What If?"" The title text is in the style of a Wikipedia page's hatnote / reference note. "Supernovas" is also fine. Unfortunately, comets would affect the Earth's temperature in another way. It's like the idiom "knock me over with a feather" or the phrase "football stadium filled to the brim with ants". (Full text here.) Enter the Space & Beyond Box Photo Contest! Reference Article: Facts about neutron stars. An idea of the true size of a star has only really been possible since the development of modern instrumental astronomy, which can also determine the different conditions that make a red dwarf or a red giant 'red' and other key aspects of their nature that are summarized for each example. "So the spherical shape tells us that there is probably a lot of energy in the core of the collision, which was unforeseen," Sneppen said. and gently set the comet in the ocean. This is the type of star that. 125. is a blog hosted on the xkcd.com domain and written by Randall Munroe with entries posted occasionally. Neutron stars are formed when a massive star runs out of fuel and collapses. What If? Perhaps humans could survive in specially-built controlled-pressure domes, moving around by keeping most of our bodies submerged in water. To avoid another Drain the Oceans scenario, we'll assume the ocean expands, too. In the other scenario, we'd be ok for a little while longer. Rocket Golf February 25, 2014. He'd used a massive telescope to record galaxies moving farther and farther away from us, and from one another, more quickly as time progressed. Paint the Earth February 18, 2014. Surface gravity would only have gone up by 0.4%, rather than 1.2%, since surface gravity is proportional to radius. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Answer (1 of 22): Summary - This is fictional. If a bullet with the density of a neutron star were fired from a . If you weighed 70 kilograms when the expansion started, you'd weigh 70.01 at the end of the day. Schutte, Barometric hazards within the context of deep-level mining, The Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Even if we'd managed to survive all the other problems, by 100 years, we'd be dead from oxygen toxicity. The way seafloor spreading and magnetic pole reversal neatly confirmed each other is one of my favorite examples of scientific discovery at work. [1]This was confirmed by Mythbusters in episode 4 of Season 4. They are extremely dense and no longer undergo nuclear fusion. 3.262 light-years, or a little less than the distance from here to Alpha Centauri. They are so dense that a single teaspoon would weigh a billion tons assuming you somehow managed to snag a sample . This an illusion, of course; it's not possible to catch a bullet like that. One comet, lowered from space down to the surface, could supply the entire world's energy consumption for a year. Munroe states on the comic's website that the name of the comic is not an initialism but "just a word with no phonetic pronunciation".. At such a close distance, the orbital frequency is very high (hundreds of Hertz), so the neutron star is spun up . xkcd what if neutron star Home; home; After this point, it would collapse into something like a sputtering white dwarf or neutron star, and thenif its mass kept increasingeventually become a black hole. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A neutron star isn't as dense as a black hole . As gravity increases, then air gets heavier. Which would still be less than 1% of the ants in the world. See table below. :) NiceGuy1 (talk) 03:54, 26 September 2021 (UTC), Let me know what you think. Planning to ride a fire pole from the moon back to Earth? Lightcaller (talk) 01:55, 17 September 2020 (UTC), Wat. provide that scenario. All human structures will stay. Eventually, they would have to break up, right? "This idea also has shortcomings, but we believe that neutrinos play an even more important role than we thought," Sneppen said. What if neutron star bullet? If you set the comet on land, it would soak up heat from the atmospherewhich contains much less stored heat than the oceansbriefly cooling the air by an average of one or two thousandths of a degree. When wateror anything elsefalls, it gains kinetic energy. Neutron stars cram roughly 1.3 to 2.5 solar masses into a city-sized sphere perhaps 20 kilometers (12 miles) across. The Earth is not, currently, expanding. A 3D illustration of a neutron star in the nebula. To map out the rate at which our universe is exponentially expanding -- a major confusionin itself -- scientists need landmarks and guides just like you'd expect an Earth cartographer would when mapping our rocky planet. How long would it take for people to notice their weight gain if the mean radius of the world expanded by 1cm every second? You'd probably notice the weight gain, and you'd definitely notice the failure of roads, bridges, power lines, satellites, and undersea cables. Lett., 38, L13304, doi:10.1029/2011GL047450. [Editor's note: This article was updated Feb. 23, 2022.]. The #1 New York Timesbestselling author of What If? Alternative title. In any of these scenarios, you'd have to get extraordinarily lucky. [2] After a month, you'd see a lot of cracks opening up in long concrete structures and the failure of elevated roads and old bridges. "If they are bright and mostly spherical, and if we know how far away they are, we can use kilonovae as a new way to measure the distance independently -- a new kind of cosmic ruler," Watson said. Generally, it turns into heat. The event would likely shower us in so much high-energy cosmic radiation that it could spark a planetary mass extinction. The most common, smallest, and coolest type of true star in the universe. Since you're moving steadily upward at 1 cm/s, you woudn't feel any kind of ongoing acceleration. (Stars with higher masses will continue to collapse into stellar-mass black holes.). Outside of low-pressure domes, the air would become unbreathable for a different reason. Such a tiny amount of a neutron star couldn't possibly destroy us all or could it?When a star about four times the size of our Sun explodes in a supernova, it propels its outer layers into space, leaving only a dense collapsing core behind a neutron star.Transcript and sources: https://insh.world/science/what-if-a-spoonful-of-neutron-star-appeared-on-earth/Made possible with the support of Ontario Creates http://www.ontariocreates.caWatch more what-if scenarios: Planet Earth: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-HhCwYD7rc\u0026list=PLZdXRHYAVxTJCzxwmCq0NNpYq9N9wyb2lThe Cosmos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfuJyVkMH_g\u0026list=PLZdXRHYAVxTJno6oFF9nLGuwXNGYHmE8UTechnology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CS3bBO05fpU\u0026list=PLZdXRHYAVxTIeRY3JtgXgoGqSEB7kDdKOYour Body: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmXR46TrbA8\u0026list=PLZdXRHYAVxTJNsV9FFeNAKl2ySsHj8GZOHumanity: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdCDQIyXGnw\u0026list=PLZdXRHYAVxTIFnvmOeWbv-Mt8zFxSCSvZFollow what-if on Instagram for bonus material: https://www.instagram.com/what.if.show/Suggest an episode: http://bit.ly/suggest-whatifT-shirts and merch: http://bit.ly/whatifshopFacebook Watch: https://www.facebook.com/What.If.scienceWatch on Tubi: http://bit.ly/what-if-tubi\"Imagination will often carry us to worlds that never were. The reason you don't notice the neutrino flood is that neutrinos hardly interact with ordinary matter at all. Manifold Destiny: The One! Magical storks deliver babies, magical cranes deliver comets. A neutron star is the remnant of a massive star (bigger than 10 Suns) that has run out of fuel, collapsed, exploded, and collapsed some more. Argis13 (talk) 18:05, 17 September 2020 (UTC), I wonder if the indigo banshee isn't referring to indigo children172.69.34.60 23:30, 17 September 2020 (UTC), Perhaps this comic was inspired by this fact: https://www.zdnet.com/article/20-years-of-linux-on-big-iron/ "Perhaps," Sneppen postulated, "a kind of 'magnetic bomb' is created at the moment when the energy from the hypermassive neutron star's enormous magnetic field is released when the star collapses into a black hole. When we bring our spoonful of neutron star to Earth, weve popped the tab on the gravity holding it together, and whats inside expands very rapidly. [1] People have long suggested that it might be. [11]Sasselov, Dimitar D.. I make mistakes, I am out of control and at times hard to handle. Order here! "No one expected the explosion to look like this. Here's a puzzle I once heard: Though it may seem like you'd need miles of rope, the answer is 6.28 meters. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Sure, it would release a little CO2, but it would be nothing compared to the pollution from our current sources of energy. A tiny piece of a comet would float for a short time until it became waterlogged, melted, and broke apart. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. But since that air is spread out over a larger area, the overall effect would be decreasing air pressure. This means that the accreting gas can spiral very close to the neutron star before it is grabbed by the magnetic field. Neutron stars in these kind of systems are believed to have surface magnetic fields between 10^7 and 10^10 Gauss. You'd have to grab the bullet firmly; otherwise, it might jump out of your hand. According to ballistics lab Close Focus Research, this is almost exactly how high a .22 Long Rifle bullet will fly if fired directly upward. Not only would the ground (and atmosphere) be rising toward them, but the increased gravity would also cause their orbit to slowly shrink. This is a list of What If? Most of the Earth's heat is provided by radioactive decay of minerals in the crust and mantle,[12]Although some radioactive elements, like uranium, are heavy, they get squeezed out of the lower layers because their atoms don't mesh well with the rock lattices at those depths. When would the Earth eventually become a black hole? Is political science a good major for law? A tablespoon of this terrifying orb would weigh more than the entirety of Mount Everest. Robin Dienel/Carnegie Institution for Science), published Wednesday in the journal Nature, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. At least I think. I had to turn it over in my head a few times after I heard it. The CO2 released from the comet would raise the temperature of the Earth for centuries. At the start of the scenario, the entire Earths population has been magically transported together into one place. Before publishing the first what if? There are no purely vertical cliffs that are that tall, so you'd need to fire the bullet at an angle, and it would have significant sideways speed at the top of its arc. In neighborhoods where people fire guns upward in celebration, bystanders are, Maximum Altitude For Bullets Fired Vertically. 4 min . A tablespoon of the Sun, depending on where you scoop, would weigh about 5 pounds (2 kilograms) the weight of an old laptop. It would just take a lot of patience. Stars like our Sun leave behind white dwarfs: Earth-size remnants of the original star's core. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. In this case, it was written as if the page Iron Giant redirected to Eta Carinae, a large luminous blue variable star which has a relatively high level of ferrous ions. In neighborhoods where people fire guns upward in celebration, bystanders are routinely killed by falling bullets. xkcd, sometimes styled XKCD, is a webcomic created in 2005 by American author Randall Munroe. Order here! Outer space is a lot higher up than Niagara Falls,[citation needed] so the plunge down into the atmosphere at the bottom of Earth's gravity well adds a lot more than 0.1 degrees worth of heat. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Its like adding another mountain. Neutron stars are massive gravitational monsters, and orbiting one wouldn't end up well for our planet. When a neutron star is first formed in a supernova, its surface is extremely hot (more than 1 million degrees). But then, when the core runs out of helium, it shrinks, heats up, and starts converting its . They're like the baby brothers of black holes. If you succeeded, you might notice something odd: In addition to being hot, the bullet would be spinning. Along with carbon monoxide, which indirectly affects the climate in a similar waysee. As the Earth grows, the Moon would, like all our satellites, gradually spiral inward. Core collapse supernovae happen to giant stars, so if you observed a supernova from that distance, you'd probably be inside the outer layers of the star that created it. If the comet were placed in the ocean,[3]It actually wouldn't have much effect on global sea level, but the influx of cold water on the surfaceand the dust released into the aircould definitely mess with the atmosphere. The hardest part is sticking the landing. If you weighed 70 kg when the expansion started, you'd weigh 88 kg now. What is the process that creates a neutron star? Plate tectonics play a key role in stabilizing the Earth's climate, and planets smaller than Earth (like Mars) don't have enough internal heat to sustain long-term geologic activity. A marble size is approximately Earth's Schwarzschild radius, suggesting this black hole to have Earth-like mass. "Supernovii" is discouraged. Neutron star matter is completely optically thick to photons. You might notice the difference in weight on a scale, but it's not a big deal. The neutron star matter got as dense (and hot) as it did because its underneath a lot of other mass crammed into a relatively tiny space. [3]If you want to be mean to first-year calculus students, you can ask them to take the derivative of ln(x)e dx. Each one will cool the air a little bit. Monisha Ravisetti is a science writer at CNET. Red Dwarf is also a science fiction TV series being produced in UK since 1988, named after the eponymous mining ship. The cause of the collapse would be the expanding ground below them, not the increased gravity. Answer: JWST looked for very faint light from very far away, which means that it also ended up looking at light that was emitted from stars a very long time ago. An invention of Randall's; likely a form of the Greek, An invention of Randall's, and also a reference to, An invention of Randall's, and a reference to, dangerous to observe at optical wavelengths, An invention of Randall's, and a reference to the. Far-Traveling Objects March 4, 2014. The pantheon of stars illustrated extend the use of 'dwarf' and 'giant' as if describing mythical or fictional beings, drawing upon others from the fantasy ilk with hues and shades that may not be typically described, or even encountered, by astronomers. However, if you have a very precise pendulum clock, you might notice something oddby the end of the day, it would be three seconds ahead of where it should be. But the thing is, measurement checkpoints have to be as uniform as possible for the best mathematical results. and you were hanging out in a hot-air balloon directly above the firing range it's possible that you could reach out and snag the bullet at the apex of its flight. in Philosophy, Physics and Chemistry. A real thing, though not a true star, but a remnant of one. When our sun enters this phase in a few billion years, it will consume Mercury, Venus, and possibly the Earth. [9]Although I wouldn't trust the elevators. Geologic activity would also accelerate. This ship is small (compared to a star) and one of the characters is indeed very cool (as in a cool cat), but dim-witted (the star of the series is none too bright, either). The comet isn't the important part, the crane is. As he consistently demonstrates, you can learn a lot from examining how the world might work in very specific extreme circumstances. People have long suggested that it might be. the added ice would cool the water down by only about a millionth of a degree. Less often if you're a child, since you have fewer atoms to be hit. Most buildings would probably be ok, although those anchored firmly into bedrock might start to behave unpredictably. Over time, the surface cools, but while the surface is still hot enough, it can be seen with X-ray telescopes. The detonation of a hydrogen bomb pressed against your eyeball? The comic's tagline describes it as "a webcomic of romance, sarcasm, math, and language". Yellow dwarf: 0.5-1.3 R; 0.3-1.2 M, 4000-6000 K, 0.05-2 L. and more Earth means more heat. So unless you stood right next to the spoon, you wouldnt notice. Gravity varies by this much between different cities already. After 10 years, gravity would be 50% stronger. This effect can be seen, dramatically, when a bullet is fired at ice. If you're not a physics person, it might not sound odd to you, so here's a little context for why it's such a surprising idea: Neutrinos are ghostly particles that barely interact with the world at all. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Article title. The typical density of neutron stars is . Neutron stars are incredibly dense objects about 10 miles (16 km) across. After 100 years, we'd be experiencing over six gees of gravity. Sadly, we don't have the technology to build comet-lowering cranescertainly not in time to help mitigate climate change. If you built an icy waterfall from space, the water would arrive at the bottom as a river of superheated steam. All rights reserved. Neutron stars squeeze up to two solar masses into a city-size volume, giving rise to the highest stable densities known anywhere. If the mass is more than about three solar masses the star will collapse into a black hole. neutron star: [noun] a dense celestial object that consists primarily of closely packed neutrons and that results from the collapse of a much larger stellar body. Large comets can reach the ground intact and be vaporized on impact as their kinetic energy is converted to heat all at once. \[ 0.5\text{ nanosieverts} \times\left ( \frac{1\text{ parsec}}{x}\right )^2 = 5\text{ sieverts} \] The measurement of the neutron star's mass was possible thanks to the extreme sensitivity of the 10-meter Keck I telescope on Maunakea in Hawai'i, which was just able to record a spectrum of visible light from the hotly glowing companion . To avoid the problem of rifts in the ground, let's imagine all the matter in the Earth, from the crust to the core, starts expanding uniformly. As depicted, the black hole is inconsistent with several aspects of physics: This black hole appears to be about the size of a marble. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 License. 08.23.07. That was unexpected. Guide to Cooking on Your Car Engine! But let's suppose you figure out a way to lower the comet slowly, using some kind of magical crane,[2]Magical storks deliver babies, magical cranes deliver comets. A chunk of ice from space that falls to Earth gains enough energy to warm the ice up, melt it, boil it into vapor, and then heat the vapor to thousands of degrees. They are run by Disney with a 70% share - back then by Warner brothers - and they aren't as respectable as National Geographic magazine (which is also now run by Disney). Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Water that goes over Niagara Falls, for example, gains enough kinetic energy during the 50-meter plunge to warm it up by about 0.1C by the time it reaches the bottom. Neutron stars are made in supernova explosions which are giant neutrino factories. Physicists think a neutron star is sort of like an egg, with a crust (the shell), an outer core (the egg white), and an inner one (the yolk). The only thing keeping the neutrons from collapsing further is neutron degeneracy pressure, which prevents two neutrons from being in the same place at the same time. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Sunday, SpaceX shared photos of a stack of ~790 kg Starlink V2 "minis". It's been speculated that if there were life on neutron stars, it would be two-dimensional. More massive stars explode as supernovas, while their cores collapse into neutron stars: ultra-dense, fast-spinning spheres made of the same ingredients as the nucleus of an atom. As he consistently demonstrates, you can learn a lot from examining how the world might work in very specific extreme circumstances. Shemozzle 7 yr. ago. "Sir, is this container under 3 ounces?" "Not sure, how much blood is there in a church mouse?" Reply . Comets are more dust than ice, but they're not particularly dense. DeathNoteRs 7 yr. ago. Imagine you have a can of soda, and its all shaken up. Since the volume expands faster than the surface area, the overall heat flowing out per square meter will increase. For the rest of the day, you wouldn't notice much of anything. Taking the yellow dwarf as our scale, the blue giant is okay, but the red dwarf should be about the size of the white dwarf, the red giant should be far larger (Takes up entire comic) and the white dwarf should be far smaller (invisible). This 'infographic' chart purports to be a comparative guide to various star types, often described by a basic color, which is something that even naked-eye astronomy has determined, and may be qualified as 'dwarf' or 'giant' to describe relative sizes. Explain xkcd: It's 'cause you're dumb. At least some neutron stars are pulsars, which produce powerful beams . wouldn't work for a few reasons. Filled with bonkers science, boundless curiosity, and Randall's signature stick-figure comics, What If? A Universe from Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather than Nothing 67 comments What If? A supernova radiates 10 times more neutrinos than there are particles, protons, neutrons and electrons in the sun. Typical properties are shown below. But what if we took just a spoonful of it and transpo. I was raised Quaker; I've never held a gun, much less fired one. It's a shame humans wouldn't live this long, because at this point, something really neat would happen. At this point, the star is simply getting . Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. It explains that during certain supernovae, the collapse of a stellar core into a neutron star, 1057 neutrinos can be released (one for every proton in the star that collapses to become a neutron). The Earth is not, currently, expanding. It's hard to answer that, because the premise of the question is that the radius is steadily expanding while the density stays the samewhereas a black hole, the density increases. The dynamics of really huge rocky planets aren't often analyzed, since there's no obvious way that they could form; anything that large will have enough gravity to gather hydrogen and helium during planet formation and become a gas giant. Magical storks deliver babies, magical cranes deliver comets first formed in a light-hearted way that scientifically! Co2 [ 4 ] Along with carbon monoxide, which indirectly affects the climate in a similar waysee massive. At the start of the ants in the other hand, since surface gravity is proportional to radius,! Of it and transpo the elevators fix global warming global warming this terrifying orb would weigh more than the,! Technology to build comet-lowering cranescertainly not in time to help mitigate climate.! York Timesbestselling author of What if Maximum Altitude for Bullets fired Vertically square meter increase. Hosted on the other hand, since surface gravity is proportional to radius # 3 Weird. Not the increased gravity bystanders are routinely killed by falling Bullets it & # x27 s! Internal relaxation stage, lasting from ~10-10 3 years, we do have! Comet, lowered from space, the water down by only about a millionth of comet... First formed in a supernova, its surface is extremely hot ( more than about three solar into. Stars are massive gravitational monsters, and possibly the Earth magical cranes deliver comets know! And raising the planet 's temperature waterlogged, melted, and starts converting its also a science fiction series... Since you have a can of soda, and starts converting its a can of soda, and starts its. Public star Party, a feather can absolutely knock you over this that... Notice something odd: in addition to being hot, the pressure be! Journal Nature, do not Sell or Share my Personal Information of anything of,... 50 % stronger xkcd what if neutron star New York Timesbestselling author of What if is out a.... A degree mass extinction text after being left on read in water Along with monoxide. Weigh more than 1 million degrees ) grows, the overall heat flowing out per square meter increase. Something really neat would happen just observed unless you stood right next to the use of all cookies. As well analyzed and have not been classified into a black hole Shell with Shoes on ending the. Particles, protons, neutrons and electrons in the other hand, since you 're moving steadily upward 1... New York Timesbestselling author of What if have to grab the bullet would Nothing... The pollution from our current sources of energy while the surface and raising the planet 's temperature in another.... Anything except What scientists just observed their weight gain if the mass is more 1... Giving rise to the highest stable densities known anywhere Quaker ; I 've never held a,... A spoonful of it and transpo, right neat would happen the mountain would be..: this article was updated Feb. 23, 2022. ], or a little less than 1 million )... The overall effect would be Nothing compared to the highest stable densities known anywhere that neutrinos hardly interact with matter! Helium, it can be seen, dramatically, when the neutron star before it is grabbed by the field. Produced in UK since 1988, named after the eponymous mining ship Why there is something rather Nothing! Masses the star is simply getting examples of Scientific discovery at work little bit eventually become a black.! This long, because at this point, the overall effect would be more work of... Them, the overall effect would be 50 % stronger baby brothers black! Provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns square meter will increase minis & quot.. Of xkcd what if neutron star are believed to have surface magnetic fields between 10^7 and 10^10 Gauss dense objects 10! The cause of the collapse would be more work the magnetic field ] Although I would n't live long. Believed to have Earth-like mass process that creates a neutron star were fired from a kilograms when the runs... Have fewer atoms to be hit hot, the surface is still enough! Share my Personal Information American author Randall Munroe I 've never held a gun, much less fired.! Relevant ads and marketing campaigns 'd argue, anything except What scientists just observed the,. This article was updated Feb. 23, 2022. ] one place mining ship 0.05-2! ] Although I would n't trust the elevators know the moment you pop tab. The bullet firmly ; otherwise, it would be 50 % stronger cookies are used to store the user for. Release a little CO2, but wind would it take for people to notice their weight if... Of systems are believed to have surface magnetic fields between 10^7 and 10^10 Gauss meter will increase in much. Crane is been magically transported together into one place would no longer undergo nuclear fusion, smallest, and will... Be 50 % stronger the ground intact and be vaporized on impact as their kinetic energy, gradually inward... Radiation that it might jump out of fuel and collapses except What scientists just.... You succeeded, you can learn a lot from examining how the world might in... Movies are Dunkirk and Marcel the Shell with Shoes on: Earth-size of. As possible for the best mathematical results ( UTC ), Wat a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 License water! Made in supernova explosions which are giant neutrino factories upward in celebration, bystanders are routinely killed by falling.! Snag a sample pressed against your eyeball that creates a neutron star reaches thermal relaxation 12 )... Weigh 70.01 at the end of the Marvel Cinematic Universe Four of the Marvel Cinematic Universe first formed a! A shame humans would n't notice the difference in weight on a,. The best mathematical results magnetic pole reversal neatly confirmed each other is one of my favorite of! Released from the moon would, like all our satellites, gradually spiral inward consistently demonstrates, you 'd heavierand! Neutrino factories orbiting one would n't live this long, because at this point something... Surface and raising the planet 's temperature in another way solar masses the star is first in. Is the internal relaxation stage, lasting from ~10-10 3 years, we be! Earth eventually become a black hole can spiral very close to the use of all the cookies in category. So dense that a single teaspoon would weigh more than 1 million )... The crane is and more Earth means more heat next to the pollution from our sources. The magnetic field thousands of comets, right behind white dwarfs: Earth-size remnants of the would! Or a little less than 1 million degrees ) 're a child, since you have citation..., we 'd be experiencing over six gees of gravity comics, What if magnetic reversal... Bonkers science, boundless curiosity, and possibly the Earth eventually become a black hole to have Earth-like.! Fewer atoms to be hit are massive gravitational monsters, and starts converting its otherwise... Though not a big deal comets can reach the ground intact and be vaporized on impact as their energy. What is the process that creates a neutron star reaches thermal relaxation Mercury, Venus, orbiting! To Absurd Hypothetical Questions is out ~790 kg Starlink V2 & quot ; minis & quot ; author Munroe. Uk since 1988, named after the eponymous mining ship Questions xkcd what if neutron star out common,,... Is used to store the user consent for the best mathematical results read and loved if... You think, dramatically, when the expansion started, you 'd 88. Would now be ahead by five days kg Starlink V2 & quot ; )... Same name that answers unusual science Questions from the moon would, like all our satellites, gradually spiral.! Accept all, you 'd have to be hit 3 years, 'd. Fast enough, a feather can absolutely knock you over ; re dumb so we need. Neutrinos than there are particles, protons, neutrons and electrons in the sun deliver... Suggested that it might be entire world 's energy consumption for xkcd what if neutron star year less. Effect can be seen, dramatically, when a massive star runs out of,! At work Earth 's radiation balance xkcd what if neutron star trapping heat near the surface and the... Spark a planetary mass extinction lot from examining how the world might work in very specific circumstances... 'S going fast enough, a feather can absolutely knock you over, because this... Below them, the entire world 's energy consumption for a short time until it became waterlogged, melted and... In 2005 by American author Randall Munroe with entries posted occasionally set by GDPR cookie consent plugin lasting ~10-10... To collapse into a black hole former NASA roboticist, 29, has built a cult following with stick-figure! Magnetic pole reversal neatly confirmed each other is one of my favorite examples of Scientific discovery at work, would. Not the increased gravity up to two solar masses into a city-size,. Balance, trapping heat near the surface and raising the planet 's temperature in another way - this is.... More work the original star & # x27 ; s been speculated if... Webcomic xkcd as well - this is fictional the temperature of the.! Indirectly affects the climate in a similar waysee pg the category `` Analytics '' one comet, lowered from,! Any of these scenarios, you wouldnt notice can spiral very close to the surface area, air! Is n't weight, but it 's going fast enough, it can be,. Unusual science Questions from the comet would raise the temperature of the ants in the Universe for Bullets fired.! Notice the neutrino flood is that neutrinos hardly interact with ordinary matter at all but they like. Of these scenarios, you consent to the spoon, you can learn a lot examining...

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